I hope that you feel
confident in understanding aperture.
The shutter is closed all of
the time, except from when a photograph is being taken. To create an image we need light to get
through to the camera sensor. Shutter is a device that controls the moment when
light gets to the camera and the length of time for which the light passes into
the camera – the exposure time. The longer the exposure time, the brighter an
image. First you press the shutter release button.
The
shutter speed is the amount of time your shutter stays open when you click
the button. If the shutter is opened for too long, the photo will be
overexposed (too bright), if it’s not open for long enough time the photo will
be underexposed (too dark).
Shutter speed is measured in
seconds or more often in fractions of a second:
1/1000, 1/500, 1/250, 1/125,
1/60, 1/30, 1/15, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 1.
The larger the number of the
denominator the faster the speed, for example, 1/500 is faster than 1/60 and your
shutter will be opened for less time if you set it at 1/500 than at 1/60.
If you look through the
viewfinder (which is a name for the little window in the camera body), it
should also be the number on the bottom left side of the electronic screen. On
most digital cameras you will not see the shutter speed as a fraction of a
second but it will be a regular number. For example, when the shutter speed is
slower than or equals to one second, it will be looking as 1″ or 5″ (the ″ sign
indicates a full second).
You’ll be using shutter
speeds of 1/60 of a second or faster in most cases because when you are using a
slow shutter speed (slower than 1/60) you will need a tripod. Otherwise your camera will be moving when the shutter
is opened (it’s called “camera shake”) and it is blur in photos.
When something/someone in your scene is moving, you have
a choice how to capture the moment. You can freeze the movement (so it looks
still) by selecting faster shutter speed in the settings on your camera. You can
let the moving object intentionally to be blur by selecting a slower shutter
speed.
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